Progress 10/01/12 to 09/30/17
Outputs Target Audience:The targeted audience of this project includes private wheat scientists, wheat breeders, wheat growers, millers and bakers. The results from this project were presented to the targeted audience in field days and local meetings of growers and farm advisors, and in the Quality Collaborative meeting to the milling and backing industry. The germplasm and varieties developed by this project are publicly available and being used extensively by California growers and as parental lines in other public and private wheat breeding programs (172,000 ac http://smallgrains.ucdavis.edu/CWC_Wheat_Var_Survey_2015.pdf). Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?The project trained 5 UC Davis PhD students, 4 international PhD students in plant breeding and one postdoc. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?The molecular markers developed in our program are available through the MASWheat site http://maswheat.ucdavis.edu/. We also reach the California wheat industry though our annual agronomy progress report. Papers generated by our laboratory were referred more than 1000 times per year (total >14,000 cross-references) documenting the impact of our research. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?This is a final report so there is no next period
Impacts What was accomplished under these goals?
The project generates commercial varieties that now cover roughly 30% of the wheat acreage of California. In 2017 commercial seed became available for the new HWS white variety Patwin-515HP and the HRS variety Yurok. Patwin-515HP produces more protein (~5-8% increase) and a slight better yield than Patwin-515 (Fig. 1-2), with excellent disease resistance and breadmaking quality. Yurok represents an improvement over our previous variety Lassik. For the Desert Durum ® class, we recommend either our low cadmium variety Miwok, or the high yielding variety Desert King (or the higher protein version Desert King-HP).
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Zhang, W., S. Chen, Z. Abate, J. Nirmala, M. Rouse, and J. Dubcovsky. 2017. Identification and characterization of Sr13, a tetraploid wheat gene that confers resistance to the Ug99 stem rust race
group. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 114: E9483 -E9492.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Accepted
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Qureshi, N., H. Bariana, P. Zhang, R. McIntosh, D. Wong, M. Shankar, M.J. Hayden, J. Dubcovsky,
and U. Bansal. 2017. Genetic relationship of stripe rust resistance genes Yr34 and Yr48 in wheat and
identification of linked KASP markers
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Lan, C., I. Lowe Hale, S. Herrera, B. R. Basnet, M. Randhawa, J.H. Espino, J. Dubcovsky, R.P. Singh. 2017.
Characterization and mapping of leaf rust and stripe rust resistance loci in hexaploid wheat lines UC1110 and PI610750
under Mexican environments. Frontiers in Plant Sciences 8:1450
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Uauy, C., B.B.H.Wulff, and and J. Dubcovsky. 2017. Combining traditional mutagenesis with new high-throughput
sequencing and genome editing to reveal hidden variation in polyploid wheat. Annu. Rev. Genet. 51: 435 -454
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Dong, Z, J. Zhang, J. M. Hegarty, W. Zhang, S. Chao, X. Chen, Y. Zhou, and J. Dubcovsky. 2017. Validation and
characterization of a QTL for adult plant resistance to stripe rust on wheat chromosome arm 6BS (Yr78). Theor. Appl.
Genet. 130:2127 -2137
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2017
Citation:
Sch�nhofen, A., X. Zhang, and J. Dubcovsky. 2017. Combined mutations in five wheat Starch
Branching Enzyme II genes increase resistant starch but affect grain yield and bread-making
quality. Journal of Cereal Science. 75: 165-174.
|
Progress 10/01/15 to 09/30/16
Outputs Target Audience:The targeted audience of this project includes private wheat scientists, wheat breeders, wheat growers, millers and bakers. The results from this project were presented to the targeted audience in field days and local meetings of growers and farm advisors, and in the Quality Collaborative meeting to the milling and backing industry. The germplasm and varieties developed by this project are publicly available and being used extensively by California growers and as parental lines in other public and private wheat breeding programs (172,000 ac http://smallgrains.ucdavis.edu/CWC_Wheat_Var_Survey_2015.pdf). Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?In 2016 this project trained 5 UC Davis PhD students, 3 international PhD students in plant breeding and five post-doctoral fellows. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?The molecular markers developed in our program are available through the MASWheat site. We also reach the California wheat industry though our annual agronomy progress report that presents more than 40 tables of detailed yield, diseases, and quality information for public and private varieties from field trials performed across 15 locations across California. Papers generated by our laboratory were referred more than 1000 times during 2016 (total >12,000 cross-references) documenting the impact of our research. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?We will continue our focus on the development of wheat varieties with improved yield, disease resistance and quality. In the durum program we will continue our emphasis on the development of low cadmium varieties and we will continue the introgression of mutations for increase resistant starch. In the common wheat program, we will continue our emphasis on stripe rust and septoria tritici resistance, high yield potential and excellent bread making quality
Impacts What was accomplished under these goals?
VARIETY RELEASES Foundation seed: 150 pounds of breeder seed of the new hard white spring wheat UC1743 (Patwin 515-HP) was delivered to the Foundation Seed Program to produce Foundation seed in the 2016 cycle. This is an improved version of Patwin 515 that includes the high-grain protein content GPC-B1 and the partial resistance genes Yr36 against stripe rust to reinforce the resistance conferred by the Yr5-Yr15 genes. LINES IN REGIONAL TESTING Common wheat: Five lines UC1789, UC1790, UC1791, UC1792 and UC1793 were evaluated in the 2015 regional trial. All the lines showed resistance to stripe rust, leaf rust and septoria tritici, but showed some susceptibility to the barley yellow dwarf virus that caused the yellowing of the leaves affecting the grain yield. All the lines were dropped from the regional trial but will be used as parents of new crosses. Durum wheat: Four lines UC1796, UC1797, UC1798 and UC1799 selected for showing high yield performance, good pasta quality and low Cd were tested in the 2015 regional trial. UC1796 showed better and stable yield performance and also better resistance to lodging than the other three lines tested. UC1796 will be re-tested in the 2016 regional trial. Three new lines UC1824, UC1825, UC1826 will be included in 2016 regional trial ELITE YIELD TRIALS The elite yield trials of common wheat included 30 breeding lines and five control varieties and were planted in Davis, Colusa and Kings. The elite yield trials of durum wheat included 41 breeding lines and three control varieties and were planted in Davis, Kings and Imperial Valley. Common wheat: During the growing cycle, notes of heading date, disease severity (stripe rust, leaf rust, septoria, and BYD), plant height, lodging, and shattering were scored at each location. The variables grain yield, test weight, 1000 kernel weight, and grain protein content were measured after harvest. Five lines were selected and one sample from Davis and Kings, respectively, were sent to the CWC laboratory for a complete quality analysis. Based on the agronomic data, disease scores, grain yield and quality data, two lines (15010/5, 27) were selected and will be tested in the regional trial as UC1814 and UC1815, respectively. Durum wheat: After selecting for agronomic characteristics, disease resistance, yield performance, protein content, and grain appearance, 10 lines were selected and sent to the CWC laboratory for a complete quality analysis. Three lines (15210/11, 12 and 24) were selected and included in the 2016 regional trial as UC1824, UC1825 and UC1826, respectively. Two lines (15210/6 and 8) will be re-tested in the elite trial in 2016. ADVANCED YIELD TRIALS Common wheat: 105 breeding lines and 4 control varieties were evaluated in the 2015 advanced yield trials at Davis. After selecting for agronomic characteristics, disease resistance, yield performance, protein content, and grain appearance, 23 lines were selected and sent to the CWC laboratory for a complete quality analysis. Three lines (15013/15, 15014/4 and 15014/35) were selected and will be evaluated in the 2016 regional trial as UC1816, UC1817 and UC1818, respectively. Nine lines will be tested in the elite trial in 2016. Durum wheat: 78 high Cd breeding lines and three control varieties were evaluated in Davis. 93 low Cd breeding lines and four control varieties were evaluated in Davis and Imperial Valley. After selecting for agronomic characteristics, disease resistance, yield performance, protein content, and grain appearance, 27 high Cd and eight low Cd lines were selected and sent to the CWC laboratory for a complete quality analysis. The best ten lines were selected and included in the 2016 elite trial. Nine lines will be re-tested in the 2016 advanced yield trial in Davis. PRELIMINARY YIELD TRIALS Common wheat: 288 breeding lines and three control varieties were evaluated in four preliminary yield trials. After selection for agronomic characteristics, disease resistance, yield performance, grain protein content, and grain appearance, 45 lines were selected and a seed sample of each was sent to the CWC laboratory for a complete bread quality analysis. Nine lines will be evaluated in the 2016 elite trial. 20 lines will be evaluated in the 2016 advanced trial. Durum wheat: 144 breeding lines and three control varieties of durum wheat were evaluated in two preliminary yield trials; based on agronomic characteristics, disease resistance, yield performance, grain protein content, and grain appearance, the best 25 lines were selected and sent to the CWC laboratory for a complete quality analysis. Nine lines were selected and will be evaluated in the 2016 advanced trial in Davis. OBSERVATION PLOTS Common wheat: 775 breeding lines and five control varieties were evaluated in observation plots, after selection for agronomic characteristics, disease reaction, grain yield, grain appearance, and grain protein content; 11 lines will be evaluated in the 2016 advanced trial, and 239 lines will be evaluated in preliminary trials in 2016. Durum wheat: 436 breeding lines and three varieties of durum wheat were evaluated in observation plots, after selection for agronomic characteristics, disease reaction, grain yield, grain appearance, and grain protein content. Eight high Cd lines will be evaluated in advanced trial in 2016 in Davis and 73 in preliminary trials in 2016 in Davis. For the low Cd, 27 lines will be evaluated in advanced trial in Davis and Imperial. New introductions: 1,180 breeding lines of common wheat from the CIMMYT program were planted as screening rows. After selection for agronomic characteristics, disease resistance, grain appearance and grain protein content, 314 lines of common wheat were selected and advanced to the 2016 observation plots. Also, 943 breeding lines of common wheat and 221 breeding lines of durum wheat from CIMMYT were cleared through quarantine during the winter 2015 and will be planted in the field as screening rows in 2016. NEW HYBRIDS AND SEGREGATING POPULATIONS New Hybrids: 95 crosses among common wheat and 113 crosses among durum wheat were made in the winter of 2015, the F1 seeds were planted at Tulelake during the summer and the F2 populations will be evaluated in the field in 2016. Segregating generations: included 100 F2 populations of common wheat and 102 F2populations of durum wheat. After selection, 97 populations of common wheat and 74 populations of durum wheat were selected and advanced to the F3 generation. We also planted 152 F3 populations. After selection, 112 populations were advanced to the F4 generation. In durum wheat we included 88 F3 populations. After selection 60 populations were selected and advanced to the F4 generation. 1523 DNA samples from 22 F3 families from crosses high Cd x low Cd were sent to the USDA laboratory in Pullman, WA to select lines having the gene for low Cadmium content. We also planted 123 F4 populations of common wheat, 142 F5 populations of common wheat and 103 F5 populations of durum wheat. Finally, we planted 79 F6 families (650 lines) and 71 F5 families (851 lines) of durum wheat. Crossing blocks: A total of 93 new crosses were made for common wheat and 113 new crosses were made in durum wheat.
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Cruz, C.D., G.L. Peterson, W.W. Bockus, P. Kankanala, J. Dubcovsky, K.W. Jordan, E. Akhunov, F. Chumley, D.F. Baldelomar, and B. Valent. 2016. The 2NS translocation from Aegilops ventricosa confers resistance to the Triticum pathotype of Magnaporthe oryzae. Crop Science 56:990 -1000. Open Access. PMC5087972
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Li, K., J. Hegarty, C. Zhang, A. Wan, J. Wu, G.Brown-Guedira, X. Chen, M. Mu�oz-Amatria�n, D. Fu , and J. Dubcovsky. 2016. Fine mapping of barley locus Rps6 conferring resistance to wheat stripe rust. Theor Appl Genet. 129:845-859. Open Access. PMC4799263
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Sch�nhofen, A., B. Hazard, X. Zhang, and J. Dubcovsky. 2016. Registration of common wheat germplasm with mutations in SBEII genes conferring increased grain amylose and resistant starch content. J. Crop Reg. 10:200-205 Open access. PMC5091815.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Simmonds, J., P. Scott, J. Brinton, T.C. Mestre, M. Bush, A. Del Blanco, J. Dubcovsky, C. Uauy. 2016 A splice acceptor site mutation in TaGW2-A1 increases thousand grain weight in tetraploid and hexaploid wheat through wider and longer grains Theor Appl Genet. 129:1099 -1112. Open access. PMC4869752.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2016
Citation:
Checovich, M. L., A. Galatro, J. Moriconi, M. Simontacchi, J. Dubcovsky, G. E. Santa-Mar�a. 2016. The stay-green phenotype of TaNAM-RNAi wheat plants is associated with maintenance of chloroplast structure and high enzymatic antioxidant activity. Plant Physiology and Biochemistry. 104: 257-265.
|
Progress 10/01/14 to 09/30/15
Outputs Target Audience:The targeted audience of this project includes private wheat scientists, wheat breeders, wheat growers, millers and bakers. The results from this project were presented to the targeted audience in field days and local meetings of growers and farm advisors, and in the Quality Collaborative meeting to the milling and backing industry. The germplasm and varieties developed by this project are publicly available and being used extensively by California growers and as parental lines in other public and private wheat breeding programs (172,000 ac http://smallgrains.ucdavis.edu/CWC_Wheat_Var_Survey_2015.pdf). Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?In 2015 this project trained 4 UC Davis PhD students, 4 international PhD students in plant breeding and one postdoc. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?The molecular markers developed in our program are available through the MASWheat site http://maswheat.ucdavis.edu/. We also reach the California wheat industry though our annual agronomy progress report that presents more than 40 tables of detailed yield, diseases, and quality information for public and private varieties from field trials performed across 15 locations across California http://smallgrains.ucdavis.edu/2015/pdf/2015apr320.pdf. Papers generated by our laboratory were referred more than 1000 times during 2015 (total >11,000 cross-references) documenting the impact of our research What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?We will continue our focus on the development of wheat varieties with improved yield, disease resistance and quality. In the durum program we will continue our emphasis on the development of low cadmium varieties and we will continue the introgression of mutations for increase resistant starch. In the common wheat program we will continue our emphasis on stripe rust and septoria tritici resistance, high yield potential and excellent bread making quality
Impacts What was accomplished under these goals?
Variety releases: Breeder seed of the new hard white spring wheat UC1743 was delivered to the Foundation Seed Program to produce Foundation seed in the 2016 cycle. Regional trials Common wheat: Five lines UC1789, UC1790, UC1791, UC1792 and UC1793 were evaluated in the 2015 regional trial. All the lines showed resistance to stripe rust, leaf rust and septoria tritici, but showed some susceptibility to the barley yellow dwarf virus that caused the yellowing of the leaves affecting the grain yield. All the lines were dropped from the regional trial but will be used as parents of new crosses. Durum wheat: Four lines UC1796, UC1797, UC1798 and UC1799 selected for showing high yield performance, good pasta quality and low Cd were tested in the 2015 regional trial. UC1796 showed better and stable yield performance and also better resistance to lodging than the other three lines tested. UC1796 will be re-tested in the 2016 regional trial. Three new lines UC1824, UC1825, UC1826 will be included in the 2016 regional trial Quality Collaborators Program: Grain samples of three lines UC1790, UC1791 and UC1792 of common wheat and three lines UC1796, UC1797 and UC1798 of durum wheat were included in the 2015 quality collaborators testing program. UC1791 showed to have the best bread making quality therefore will be used as parent in future crosses. The three durum lines UC1796, UC1797 and UC1798 showed good pasta quality. UC1796 will be re-tested in 2016 because this line had better yield performance. Yield trials: 340 lines of common wheat and 435 lines of durum wheat were evaluated in elite, advanced, and preliminary yield trials in 2015. Grain samples of the best 79 lines of common wheat and 82 lines of durum wheat were sent to the CWC Quality Laboratory for a complete quality analysis. 377 advanced breeding lines of common wheat and 193 advanced breeding lines of durum wheat will be evaluated in the elite, advanced, and preliminary yield trials in 2016. Observation plots: 815 lines of common wheat and 457 lines of durum wheat were evaluated in observation plots in 2015. After selection for disease resistance, agronomic characteristics, yield performance and protein content, 252 lines of common wheat and 141 lines of durum wheat were selected and will be evaluated in the preliminary yield trials in 2016. Addition of new hybrids and segregating populations: 95 crosses among common wheat and 113 crosses among durum wheat were made in the winter of 2015, the F1 seeds were planted at Tulelake during the summer and the F2 populations will be evaluated in the field in 2016. 100 F2 populations of common wheat, 102 F2 populations of durum wheat, 496 F3 to F6 segregating populations of common wheat and 407 F3 to F6 segregating populations of durum wheat were planted and evaluated in the field in 2015. After selection for agronomic characteristics, disease resistance, and grain appearance, 457 F3 to F6 populations of common wheat, and 279 F3 to F6 populations of durum wheat will be evaluated in the field in 2016. Marker assisted selection: Leaf samples from 1523 F3, 362 F6 and 78 F7 durum lines were collected from the field by Alicia del Blanco and sent to the USDA laboratory in Pullman, WA to select lines having the gene for low Cadmium content.
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2015
Citation:
Hazard B., X. Zhang, M. Naemeh, M.K.Hamilton, B. Rust, H.E. Raybould, J.W. Newman, R. Marti, and J. Dubcovsky. 2015. Mutations in durum wheat SBEII genes affect grain yield components, quality and fermentation responses in rats.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2015
Citation:
Guo, J.-Y., K. Li, K. Wu, X. Wang, H. Lin, D. Cantu, C. Uauy, A. Dobon-Alonso, T. Midorikawa, K. Inoue, J. S�nchez, D. Fu, A. Blechl, E. Wallington, T. Fahima, M. Meeta, L. Epstein, and J. Dubcovsky. 2015. Wheat stripe rust resistance protein WKS1 reduces the ability of the thylakoid-associated ascorbate peroxidase to detoxify reactive oxygen species. The Plant Cell 27: 1755 -1770.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2015
Citation:
Jordan, K.W., S. Wang, Y. Lun, L. Gardiner, R. MacLachlan, P. Hucl, K. Wiebe, D. Wong, K.L. Forrest, A.G. Sharpe, C.H.D. Sidebottom, N. Hall, C. Toomajian, T. Close, J. Dubcovsky, A. Akhunova, L. Talbert, U.K. Bansal, H.S. Bariana, M.J. Hayden, C. Pozniak, J.A. Jeddeloh, A. Hall, E. Akhunov, IWGS Consortium. 2015. A haplotype map of allohexaploid wheat reveals distinct patterns of selection on homoeologous genomes Genome Biology 16:48
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2015
Citation:
Bonafede, M.D., G. Tranquilli, L.A. Pfl�ger, R.J. Pe�a, and J. Dubcovsky. 2015. Effect of allelic variation at the Glu-3/Gli-1 loci on breadmaking quality parameters in hexaploid wheat (T. aestivum L.). Journal of Cereal Science 62:143-150.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2015
Citation:
Maccaferri, M., J. Zhang, P. Bulli, Z. Abate, S. Chao, D. Cantu, E. Bossolini, X. Chen, M. Pumphrey, and J. Dubcovsky. 2015. A genome-wide association study of resistance to stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici) in a worldwide collection of hexaploid spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). G3 5:449-465.
|
Progress 10/01/13 to 09/30/14
Outputs Target Audience: The targeted audience of this project includes private wheat scientists, wheat breeders, wheat growers, millers and bakers. The results from this project were presented to the targeted audience in field days and local meetings of growers and farm advisors, and in the Quality Collaborative meeting to the milling and backing industry. The germplasm and varieties developed by this project are publicly available and being used extensively by California growers and as parental lines in other public and private wheat breeding programs (127,000 ac http://smallgrains.ucdavis.edu/CWC_Wheat_Var_Survey_2014.pdf). Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? This project trained 5 UC Davis PhD students and 5 international PhD students in plant breeding and one postdoc. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? The molecular markers developed in our program are available through the MASWheat site http://maswheat.ucdavis.edu/ which is accessed > 2,000 times per month. We also reach the California wheat industry though our annual agronomy progress report that presents more than 40 tables of detailed yield, diseases, and quality information for public and private varieties from field trials performed across 15 locations across California http://smallgrains.ucdavis.edu/2014/pdf/2014apr318.pdf. Papers generated by our laboratory were referred 1200 times during 2014 (total >9500 cross-references) documenting the impact of our research. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? We will continue our focus on the development of wheat varieties with improved yield, disease resistance and quality. In the durum program we will continue our emphasis on the development of low cadmium varieties and we will continue the introgression of mutations for increase resistant starch. In the common wheat program we will continue our emphasis on stripe rust and septoria tritici resistance, high yield potential and excellent bread making quality
Impacts What was accomplished under these goals?
Variety releases: Breeder seed of the new hard red spring wheat UC1745 was delivered to the Foundation Seed Program to produce Foundation seed in the 2015 cycle. Regional trials Common wheat: The lines UC1768 and UC1769 were dropped from the regional trial for showing an unstable yield performance. The line UC1767 was the top yielding line in the regional trials but the bread quality was not satisfactory for the industry. Since it was the first year in the regional trial UC 1767 will be retested in 2015. Five new lines UC1789, UC1790, UC1791, UC1792 and UC1793 will be evaluated in the 2015 regional trial. Durum wheat: The line UC1758 was dropped from the regional trial because of low yield performance. The lines UC 1756, UC1770 and UC1771 showed good yield performance and acceptable pasta quality but since all three are high Cd, none of these lines will be released until the low Cd trait will be incorporated. Four new lines UC1796, UC1797, UC1798 and UC1799 selected for showing high yield performance, good pasta quality and low Cd will be tested in the 2015 regional trial. Quality Collaborators Program: Four lines UC1789, UC1790, UC1791 and UC1792 of common wheat and four lines UC1796, UC1797, UC1798 and UC1799 of durum wheat will be included in the 2015 quality collaborators testing program. Yield trials: 370 lines of common wheat and 287 lines of durum wheat were evaluated in elite, advanced, and preliminary yield trials in 2014. Grain samples from the best 46 lines (90 samples) of common wheat and 46 lines (83 samples) of durum wheat were sent to the CWC Quality Laboratory for a complete quality analysis. 30 lines of durum wheat were sent to the Dr. Dubcovsky laboratory to test for low Cd marker. 435 lines of common wheat and 294 lines of durum wheat will be evaluated in the elite, advanced, and preliminary yield trials in 2015. Observation plots: A total of 920 lines of common wheat and 555 lines of durum wheat were evaluated in observation plots in 2014. After selection for agronomic characteristics, yield performance and protein content, 300 lines of common wheat and 150 lines of durum wheat were selected and will be evaluated in the preliminary yield trials in 2015. Addition of new hybrids and segregating populations: 97 crosses among common wheat and 98 crosses among durum wheat were made in the winter of 2014, the F1 seeds were planted at Tulelake during the summer and the F2 populations will be evaluated in the field in the 2015 cycle. Also, 181 F2 populations of common wheat, 111 F2 populations of durum wheat, 497F3 to F6 families of common wheat and 437 F3 to F6 families of durum wheat were planted and evaluated in the field in 2014. After selection for agronomic characteristics, disease resistance, and grain appearance, 496 F3 to F6 families of common wheat, and 407 F3 to F6 families of durum wheat will be evaluated in the field in 2015. Marker assisted selection: Leaf samples from 7925 F3 durum lines were sent to the USDA laboratory in Pullman, WA to select lines having the gene for low Cadmium content. 1110 homozygous lines were identified and will be evaluated as F4 lines in 2014.
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Howell, T., I. Hale, D. L. Jankuloski, M. Bonafede, M. Gilbert, J. Dubcovsky. 2014 Mapping a region within the 1RS.1BL translocation in common wheat affecting grain yield and canopy water status. Theor Appl Genet 127: 2695-2709
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Nitcher, R., S. Pearce, G. Tranquilli, X. Zhang, J. Dubcovsky. 2014. Effect of the Hope FT-B1 allele on wheat heading time and yield components. J. Heredity 105:666-675.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Hazard B., X. Zhang, M. Naemeh, J. Dubcovsky. 2014. Registration of Durum Wheat germplasm lines with combined mutations in SBEIIa and SBEIIb genes conferring increased amylose and resistant starch. J. Crop Reg. 8:334 -338.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
Zhu J., S. Pearce, A. Burke, D.R. See, D.Z. Skinner, J. Dubcovsky, K. Garland-Campbell. 2013. Copy number variation at VRN-A1 and central FR-A2 loci are associated with frost tolerance in hexaploid wheat. Theor Appl Genet 127:1183 -1197.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2014
Citation:
del Blanco I.A., J. Hegarty, L. Gallagher, B. W. Falk, G. Brown-Guedira, E. Pellerin, J. Dubcovsky. 2014. Mapping of QTL for tolerance to Cereal Yellow Dwarf Virus in two-rowed spring barley. Crop Sci 54:1468-14758.
|
Progress 01/01/13 to 09/30/13
Outputs Target Audience: The targeted audience of this project includes private wheat scientists, wheat breeders, wheat growers, millers and bakers. The results from this project were presented to the targeted audience in field days and local meetings of growers and farm advisors, and in the Quality Collaborative meeting to the milling and backing industry. The germplasm and varieties developed by this project are publicly available and being used extensively by California growers and as parental lines in other public and private wheat breeding programs (120,000 ac http://smallgrains.ucdavis.edu/CWC_Wheat_Var_Survey_2013.pdf). Changes/Problems:
Nothing Reported
What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? This project was essential for the training of 5 UC Davis PhD students in plant breeding and 5 international PhD students in plant breeding. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? The molecular markers developed in our program are available through the MASWheat site http://maswheat.ucdavis.edu/ which is accessed on average 2,365 times per month. We also reach the California wheat industry though our annual agronomy progress report that presents more than 40 tables of detailed yield, diseases, and quality information for public and private varieties from field trials performed across 15 locations across California http://smallgrains.ucdavis.edu/2013/pdf/2013apr316.pdf . Papers generated by our research project were referred 1000 times during 2013 (total >8500 cross-references) documenting the impact of our research. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? We will continue our focus on the development of wheat varieties with improved yield, disease resistance and quality. In the durum program we will continue our emphasis on the development of low cadmium varieties and we will continue the introgression of mutations for increase resistant starch. In the common wheat program we will continue our emphasis on stripe rust and septoria tritici resistance, high yield potential and excellent bread making quality.
Impacts What was accomplished under these goals?
Variety releases: Foundation seed was produced for the new low cadmium durum wheat variety Miwok and PVP application was initiated. Seed of Miwok is being distributed among grain dealers for production of registered and certified seed. A thousand head rows of the line UC1745 have been planted for production of Breeder Seed. This hard red spring line has high and stable yield performance and good bread making quality and is targeted for release in 2014. Common wheat: The hard white spring line UC1744, and the hard red spring line UC1745 are being retested in the 2014 regional trial. Three new lines UC1767, UC1768, UC1769, will be evaluated in the 2014 regional trial. Durum wheat: The lines UC1756 and UC1758 showed good yield performance and excellent pasta quality therefore they will be re-tested in the 2013 regional trial. The lines UC1717, UC1755, UC1757 were dropped from the regional trial due to low yield performance in 2013. Two new lines UC1770 and UC1771 will be tested in the 2014 regional trial. Quality Collaborators Program: Four lines UC1745, UC1767, UC1768, and UC1769 of common wheat and four lines UC1756, UC1758, UC1770, and UC1771 of durum wheat are being grown for testing in the 2014 quality collaborators testing program. Yield trials: 320 lines of common wheat were evaluated in elite, advanced, and preliminary yield trials. 196 lines of durum wheat were evaluated in elite, advanced, and preliminary yield trials in 2013. Grain samples from the best 58 lines of common wheat and 81 lines of durum wheat were sent to the CWC Quality Laboratory for a complete quality analysis. Samples of 99 lines of durum wheat were sent to the CWC quality laboratory for a color ‘b’ value test. 352 lines of common wheat and 267 lines of durum wheat will be evaluated in the elite, advanced, and preliminary yield trials in 2014. Observation plots: A total of 733 lines of common wheat and 329 lines of durum wheat were evaluated in observation plots in 2013. After selection for agronomic characteristics, yield performance and protein content, 216 lines were selected and will be evaluated in the preliminary yield trial in 2014. Addition of new hybrids and segregating populations: 181 crosses among common wheat and 111 crosses among durum wheat were made in the winter of 2013, the F1 seeds were planted at Tulelake during the summer and the F2 populations will be planted and evaluated in the field in 1014. Also, 156 F2 populations of common wheat, 127 F2 populations of durum wheat, 428 F3 to F6 families of common wheat and 319 F3 to F6 families of durum wheat were planted and evaluated in the field in 2013. After selection for agronomic characteristics, disease resistance, and grain appearance, 497 F3 to F6 families of common wheat, and 437 F3 to F6 families of durum wheat will be planted and evaluated in the field in 2014. Marker assisted selection: Leaf samples from 7925 F3 durum lines were sent to the USDA laboratory in Pullman, WA to select lines having the gene for low Cadmium content. 1110 homozygous lines were identified and will be planted as F4 lines in 2014. The introgression of stripe rust resistance genes using molecular markers has effectively stopped the stripe rust epidemic that started in 2000 and that resulted in large economic losses for the California wheat growers. The University program has established collaborations with private breeding programs to help them accelerate the introduction of resistance genes in their own varieties. These collaborations have extended the impact of the University breeding program on the improvement of wheat varieties for California by helping two of these companies to release improved varieties using marker assisted selection.
Publications
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Cantu, D., B. Yang, R. Ruan, K. Li, V. Menzo, D. Fu, M. Chern, P.C. Ronald, and J. Dubcovsky. 2013. Comparative analysis of protein-protein interactions in the defense response of rice and wheat. BMC Genomics. 14:166.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Cantu, D., V. Segovia D. MacLean, R. Bayles, X. Chen, S. Kamoun, J. Dubcovsky, D. G.O. Saunders, C. Uauy C. 2013. Genome analyses of the wheat yellow (stripe) rust pathogen Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici reveal polymorphic and haustorial expressed secreted proteins as candidate effectors. BMC Genomics. 14:270.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Williamson, V.M., T. Varghese, F. Howard and J. Dubcovsky. 2013. A translocation from Aegilops ventricosa transferred to common wheat carries a resistance gene against root-knot nematodes. Crop Sci. 53:14121418.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Pearce, S., J. Zhu, �. Boldizs�r, A. V�g�jfalvi, A. Burke, K. Garland-Campbell, G. Galiba, and J. Dubcovsky.2013. Large deletions in the CBF gene cluster at the Fr-B2 locus are associated with reduced frost tolerance in wheat. Theor. Appl. Genet. 126:26832697.
- Type:
Journal Articles
Status:
Published
Year Published:
2013
Citation:
Mayo, P., D. Prato, J. Fraser, L. Jackson, L.W. Gallagher, O. Chicaiza, A. del Blanco, F.T. Maciel, G. Banuelos, D. Kirby, R. Wilson, , D. Marcum, B. Marsh, S. Orloff, D. Munier, S. Wright and J. Dubcovsky. 2013. Regional barley, common wheat and triticale, and durum wheat performance tests in California. Agronomy Progress Report 316, 48 pages. http://smallgrains.ucdavis.edu/2013/pdf/2013apr316.pdf .
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Progress 01/01/12 to 12/31/12
Outputs OUTPUTS: Variety releases: Foundation seed was produced for the new hard white spring wheat variety "Patwin 515"and is being distributed among grain dealers for production of registered and certified seed. Breeder seed was produced of the new durum line UC1690 "Miwok" and seed was delivered to the Foundation Seed Program to produce foundation seed in 2013. Regional trials: Common wheat: The line UC1715 was dropped from the regional but will be included in the elite trial in 2013 for further evaluation. The lines UC1711 and UC1712 were dropped from the regional trial due to an increase in the stripe rust infection. Six new lines UC1740, UC1741, UC1742, UC1743, UC1744, and UC1745 were included in the 2013 regional trial. Durum wheat: The new durum line UC1690 was selected for release. The durum line UC1717 showed good yield performance and excellent pasta quality therefore it will be re-tested in the 2013 regional trial. Four new durum lines UC1755, UC1756, UC1757, and UC1758 were included in the 2013 regional trial. Quality Collaborators Program: Four lines UC1740, UC1741, UC1743, and UC1744 of common wheat and four lines UC1690, UC1755, UC1756, and UC1757 of durum wheat were included in the 2013 quality collaborators testing program. Yield trials: 224 lines of common wheat were evaluated in elite, advanced, and preliminary yield trials. 201 lines of durum wheat were evaluated in elite, advanced, and preliminary yield trials. 90 lines of common wheat and 85 lines of durum wheat were selected and sent to the CWC Quality Laboratory for a complete quality test. Other qulait analyses were performed in 679 samples. Observation plots: A total of 849 lines of common wheat and 304 lines of durum wheat were evaluated in observation plots in 2012, 236 lines of common wheat and 135 lines of durum wheat were advanced to the preliminary yield trials and planted in 2012. 733 lines of common wheat and 329 lines of durum wheat selected and advanced to observation plots. Addition of new hybrids and segregating populations: 156 crosses among common wheat and 127 crosses among durum wheat were made during the winter and spring of 2012, the F1 seeds were grown at Tulelake and F2 seeds were planted in 2012. Also, 149 F2 populations of common wheat, 108 F2 populations of durum wheat, 404 F3-6 families of common wheat and 222 F3-6 families of durum wheat were evaluated in 2012. After selection for agronomic characteristics, disease resistance, and grain appearance, 428 F3-6 families of common wheat, and 319 F3-6 families of durum wheat were planted in 2012. Marker assisted selection: 187 lines were selected from F5 families and planted as F6 families. Also, 93 from the F6 families that showed good agronomic characteristics, disease resistance, and high grain protein content were advanced to observation plots. PARTICIPANTS: This project integrated activities from several Farm advisors. It also established collaborations with private whet breeding companies that release wheat varieties for California. TARGET AUDIENCES: The targeted audience of this project includes private wheat scientists, wheat breeders, wheat growers, millers and bakers. The results from this project were presented to the targeted audience in field days and local meetings of growers and farm advisors, and in the Quality Collaborative meeting to the milling and backing industry. The germplasm and varieties developed by this project are publicly available and being used extensively by California growers and as parental lines in other public and private wheat breeding programs. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Not relevant to this project.
Impacts Impact 2012: During 2012 we have made available to the growers Foundation seed of the durum variety Dessert King-High Protein that has improved grain protein content. Desert King, is currently being grown in 18% of the California wheat acreage. We have also produced Foundation seed for the new hard white spring wheat variety "Patwin 515". Patwin was grown in 6500 acres. The release of new varieties with better yield and improved resistance to diseases and quality is an efficient way to transfer the value of research to the California wheat growers. In addition, the incorporation of new leaf rust and stripe rust resistance genes has reduced the requirements of pesticides resulting in a direct benefit to the environment. The introgression of stripe rust resistance genes using molecular markers has effectively stopped the stripe rust epidemic that started in 2000 and that resulted in large economic losses for the California wheat growers. The University program has established collaborations with private breeding programs to help them accelerate the introduction of resistance genes in their own varieties. These collaborations have extended the impact of the University breeding program on the improvement of wheat varieties for California by helping two of these companies to release improved varieties using marker assisted selection. Papers generated by our research project were referred more than 800 times during 2012 (total 7300 cross-references) documenting the impact of our research. We also applied for a PVP patent for a Hard Spring Wheat variety and published six research articles in peer-reviewed scientific journals. We also produced a 61 page report documenting the performance of barley and wheat varieties and breeding lines across 15 California environments.
Publications
- Patents 2012. Dubcovsky, J., O. Chicaiza, X. Zhang. PVP for HWS wheat variety "Patwin-515". PVP pending. UC Case No. 2013-036-1
- Peer Reviewed publications: Akhunov, E., S. Chao, C. Saintenac, S. Kiani, D. See, G. Brown-Guedira, M. Sorrells, A. Akhunova, J. Dubcovsky, C. Cavanagh, and M. Hayden. 2012. High-throughput approaches to genome-wide analysis of genetic variation in polyploid wheat. Can. J. Plant Sci. 92:596-596. Chen,A., and J. Dubcovsky. 2012. The wheat gene VERNALIZATION1 is required for the down-regulation of the VRN2 flowering repressor in the leaves and for timely flowering in spring. PLoS Genetics. 8:e1003134. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1003134. Qin, X., W. Zhang, J. Dubcovsky, and L. Tian. 2012. Cloning and comparative analysis of carotenoid -hydroxylase genes provides new insights into carotenoid metabolism in tetraploid (Triticum turgidum ssp. durum) and hexaploid (Triticum aestivum L.) wheat grains. Plant Molecular Biology. 80: 631-646. Hale I., X. Zhang, D. Fu, and J. Dubcovsky. 2012. Registration of wheat lines carrying the partial stripe rust resistance gene Yr36 without the Gpc-B1 high grain protein content allele. Journal of Plant Registrations doi:10.3198/jpr2012.03.0150crg Hazard B., X. Zhang, P. Colasuonno, C. Uauy, D.M. Beckles, and J. Dubcovsky. 2012. Induced mutations in the Starch Branching Enzyme II (SBEII) genes increase amylose and resistant starch content in pasta wheat Crop Sci. 52:1754-1766. Dstelfeld, A, S. P. Pearce, R. Avni, B. Scherer, C. Uauy, F. Piston, A. Slade, R. Zhao, J. Dubcovsky. Divergent functions of orthologous NAC transcription factors in wheat and rice. 2012. Plant Molecular Biology. 78:515-524.
- Reports Mayo, P., D. Prato, J. Fraser, L. Jackson, L.W. Gallagher, O. Chicaiza, A. del Blanco, F.T. Maciel, G. Banuelos, D. Kirby, R. Wilson, , D. Marcum, B. Marsh, S. Orloff, D. Munier, S. Wright and J. Dubcovsky. 2012. Regional barley, common wheat and triticale, and durum wheat performance tests in California. Agronomy Progress Report 314, 61 pages. http://smallgrains.ucdavis.edu/2011/pdf/2011APR304.pdf
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Progress 01/01/11 to 12/31/11
Outputs OUTPUTS: Variety releases: During 2011 we released two hard white spring varieties Clear White 515, and Patwin 515. Breeder seed was produced for both varieties and delivered to the Foundation Seed Program (FSP). Foundation seed was produced for the durum wheat variety Tipai and Desert King-High Protein. Regional trials: Common wheat: Breeder seed of UC1679 and UC1680 was delivered to FSP. Six new UC lines were included in the 2012 Regional trials. Durum wheat: Lines UC1690 and UC1691 showed good yield and quality and are being re-tested in 2012. Three new lines were included in the 2012 regional trial. Yield trials: 292 lines of common wheat and 75 of durum wheat were evaluated in elite, advanced, and preliminary yield trials. 81 lines of common wheat and 77 lines of durum wheat were evaluated in the CWC Quality Laboratory. 227 lines were evaluated for molecular markers for quality. Observation plots: Common wheat: Six lines were advanced directly to the elite trial, 36 lines were included in advanced trial, and 106 lines were moved to the preliminary trials. Durum wheat: seven lines were moved to the elite trial, 33 lines to advanced trial and 120 lines to preliminary trials. Addition of new hybrids and segregating populations: 149 crosses among common wheat and 108 crosses among durum wheat were added to the program. 127 F2 populations of common wheat, 74 F2 populations of durum wheat, and 475 F3-6 families were evaluated in 2011. After selection 372 F3-6 families of common wheat and 222 F3-6 families of durum wheat were planted in 2012. We initiated the incorporation of the new stripe rust resistance gene Yr48 into CA varieties. Research on quality: During 2011 we developed a map of the Klein Proteo x Klein Chaja population (1840 markers) and identified 3 QTL affecting grain protein content and yield. We finished the development of durum lines with mutations in the SbeIIa A and B copies in pasta wheat that increased amylose content by 20%. We implemented a new molecular marker closely linked to the low cadmium gene and used it in our Durum breeding program. In the area of gluten strength we generated a new line that combines the glutenin 7Bx-over-expressor allele (7BxOE) and the linked stripe rust resistance gene Yr15. To improve gluten strength in durum wheat we advanced the incorporation of the Glu-D1a allele into UC breeding lines. Grants: During 2011 we obtained four grants for $3,161,000 from different granting agencies leveraging the support provided by the CCIA and CWC. We continued collaborations with Arizona Plant Breeders, Baglietto Seeds and Limagrain. Publications: During 2011 information was disseminated through the Agronomy Progress Report 304, 4 peer reviewed papers, 10 presentations to meetings, 4 invited talks, field days, the Wheat Quality Collaborators Meeting, and meetings with growers and industry. PARTICIPANTS: This project integrated activities from several Farm advisors. It also established collaborations with three private whet breeding companies that release wheat varieties for California. TARGET AUDIENCES: The targeted audience of this project includes private wheat scientists, wheat breeders, wheat growers, millers and bakers. The results from this project were presented to the targeted audience in field days and local meetings of growers and farm advisors, and in the Quality Collaborative meeting to the milling and backing industry. The germplasm and varieties developed by this project are publicly available and being used extensively by California growers and as parental lines in other public and private wheat breeding programs. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period.
Impacts During 2011 we have made available to the growers the durum variety Dessert King-High Protein that has improved grain protein content. Foundation seed of the durum variety Tipai was produced Desert King, is currently being grown in 16% of the California wheat acreage. The release of new varieties with better yield and improved resistance to diseases and quality is an efficient way to transfer the value of research to the California wheat growers. In addition, the incorporation of new leaf rust and stripe rust resistance genes has reduced the requirements of pesticides resulting in a direct benefit to the environment. The introgression of stripe rust resistance genes using molecular markers has effectively stopped the stripe rust epidemic that started in 2000 and that resulted in large economic losses for the California wheat growers. The University program has established collaborations with private breeding programs to help them accelerate the introduction of resistance genes in their own varieties. These collaborations have extended the impact of the University breeding program on the improvement of wheat varieties for California by helping two of these companies to release improved varieties using marker assisted selection.
Publications
- PEER REVEIWED PUBLICATIONS 2011 Cantu D., S.P. Pearce, A. Distelfeld, M. Wagner Christiansen, C. Uauy, E. Akhunov, T. Fahima, and J. Dubcovsky. 2011.Effect of the down-regulation of the high Grain Protein Content (GPC) genes on the wheat transcriptome during monocarpic senescence. BMC Genomics 12:492.
- Simons, C., Z. Abate, S. Chao, W. Zhang, M. Rouse, Y. Jin, E.Elias, and J. Dubcovsky. 2011. Genetic mapping of stem rust resistance gene Sr13 in tetraploid wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp. durum L.). Theoretical and Applied Genetics 122:649-658
- PATENTS 2011: Dubcovsky, J., O. Chicaiza, X. Zhang. Durum variety Desert King-High Protein. 2011. PVP No. 20100585.
- Dubcovsky, J., O. Chicaiza. Durum variety "Tipai". 2011 PVP application submitted.
- Alvarez, M.A., M.E. Faricelli1, S. Lewis, M.L. Appendino, M. Valarik, J. Dubcovsky. 2011. Physical map and candidate gene identification for the Triticum monococcum Earliness per se locus Eps-Am1. Plant and Animal Genome XIX, January 15-19, San Diego, CA. P296
- Lowe, I., L. Jankuloski, S. Chao, X. Chen, D. See, J. Dubcovsky. 2011. Mapping and validation of Yr48 and other QTL conferring partial resistance to broadly virulent post-2000 North American races of stripe rust in hexaploid wheat. Plant and Animal Genome XIX, January 15-19, San Diego, CA. P302.
- Nitcher, R., A. Distelfeld, J. Dubcovsky. 2011. Effect of HvFT1 promoter haplotypes on barley flowering time. Plant and Animal Genome XIX, January 15-19, San Diego, CA. P327.
- Wu, K., D. Cantu, R. Ruan, A. Chen, D. Fu, P. Ronald, J. Dubcovsky. 2011. Wheat stripe rust resistance gene WKS1 can form homodimers that are important for interactions with downstream protein targets. Plant and Animal Genome XIX, January 15-19, San Diego, CA. P858.
- Lowe, I., L. Jankuloski, S. Chao, X. Chen, D. See, J. Dubcovsky. 2011. Discovery, mapping, and validation of QTL conferring partial resistance to broadly-virulent post-2000 North American races of stripe rust. BGRI Technical Workshop, St. Paul, MN June 13-16 2011.
- PRESENTATIONS 2011 Zeballos, A.A., L. Pfluger, J. Dubcovsky. 2011. Use of microsatellite markers (SSR) for mapping protein content in RILs population of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum). ICC meeting, Santiago de Chile, April 10-13 2011.
- Distelfeld, A., J. Randol, C. Uauy, A. Blechl, J. Dubcovsky. 2011. Characterization of transgenic wheat over-expressing the Gpc-B1 gene. Plant and Animal Genome XIX, January 15-19, San Diego, CA. P748
- Catana V., M. Hayden, K. Forrest, A. Akhunova, D. See, J. Dubcovsky, A. Distelfeld, M. Sorrells, G. Brown-Guedira, S. Chao, E. Akhunov. 2011. Large-scale discovery of gene-associated SNPs in polyploid wheat transcriptome. Plant and Animal Genome XIX, January 15-19, San Diego, CA. P169
- E. Akhunov, S. Chao, V. Catana, D. See, G. Brown-Guedira, M. Sorrells, A. Akhunova, J. Dubcovsky, C. Cavanagh and M. Hayden. 2011. New tools for wheat genetics and breeding: genome-wide analysis of SNP variation. Proceedings of BGRI Technical Workshop, June 13-16, 2011, St. Paul, Minnesota, U.S.A.
- Saintenac, C., W. Zhang, M. Rouse, E. Akhunov, J. Dubcovsky. 2011. Map based cloning and characterization of Ug99 resistance gene Sr35. 21st International Triticeae Mapping Initiative (ITMI), Mexico City, September 4-9, 2011.
- INVITED TALKS 2011 Dubcovsky, J. 2011. Positional cloning of the Earliness per se 1 QTL in diploid wheat. Plant and Animal Genome XIX, January 15-19, San Diego, CA. P858.
- Dubcovsky, J. 2011. Integration of the photoperiod and vernalization pathways in the temperate cereals. NIFA Project Director Meeting Plant and Animal Genome XIX, January 15-19, San Diego, CA. P858.
- Dubcovsky, J. 2011. Progress towards the positional cloning of Sr13 and Sr35. BGRI Technical Workshop, St. Paul, MN June 13-16 2011.
- Dubcovsky, J. 2011. Gene networks regulating flowering time in wheat. Key Note speaker. 21st International Triticeae Mapping Initiative (ITMI), Mexico City, September 4-9, 2011.
- Dubcovsky, J. 2011. "Using genomics information to breed new wheat varieties". Seed Central and Seed Biotechnology Center. UC Davis - Industry networking event November 9th 2011 (100 participants).
- AGRONOMY PROGRESS REPORT 2011 Mayo, Phil., D. Prato, J. Fraser, L. Jackson, L.W. Gallagher, O. Chicaiza, Z. Abate, F.T. Maciel, G. Banuelos, D. Kirby, R. Wilson, , D. Marcum, B. Marsh, S. Orloff, J. Schmierer, S. Wright and J. Dubcovsky. 2011. http://smallgrains.ucdavis.edu/2011/pdf/2011APR304.pdf Regional barley, common wheat and triticale, and durum wheat performance tests in California for 2011. - Agronomy Progress Report 304, 59 pages.
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Progress 01/01/10 to 12/31/10
Outputs OUTPUTS: Variety releases: During 2010 the UC Davis durum wheat variety Desert King was grown in 15% of the durum wheat acreage of California. Certified seed was produced for the hard white spring variety Lassik and foundation seed for the durum wheat varieties Tipai and Desert King High Protein. Lassik includes known resistance genes to stripe rust incorporated by marker assisted selection and alleles for strong gluten and increased grain protein content. Regional trials: Common wheat: The lines UC1616, UC1642, and UC1643 were dropped from the regional trials due to the low yield performance in most of the testing sites; UC1599 had very good yield performance but the quality performance was not acceptable. These lines will be included as parents in the 2011 crossing block. Five new UC lines UC1679, UC1680, UC1681, UC1682 and UC1683 were included in the 2011 regional trial. Durum wheat: The lines UC1628, UC1629, UC1644, and UC1645 were dropped from the regional trial because the yield performance was not superior to the current varieties; the line UC1646 will be retested in the 2011 regional trial. Because of the excellent pasta quality of most of the lines, they will be used as parents in the 2011 crossing block. Five new lines UC1689, UC1690, UC1691, UC1692, and UC1693 were included in the 2011 regional trial, all these lines are low Cd concentration. Quality Collaborators Program: Five lines UC1697, UC1680, UC1681, UC1682 and UC1683 of common wheat, and six lines UC1646, UC1689, UC1690, UC1691, UC1692 and UC1693 of durum wheat were included in the 2011 quality collaborators testing program. Yield trials: 280 lines of common wheat were evaluated in elite, advanced, and preliminary yield trials. 196 lines of durum wheat were evaluated in elite, advanced, and preliminary yield trials. 78 lines of common wheat and 68 lines of durum wheat were selected and sent to the CWC Quality Laboratory for a complete quality test. 292 lines of common wheat are being tested in the new 2011 elite (25), advanced (71), and preliminary (196) yield trials. 140 lines of durum wheat were moved to the 2011 elite (25), advanced (40) and preliminary (75) yield trials. Observation plots: A total of 492 lines of common wheat were evaluated in observation plots, after selection for agronomic characteristics, disease reaction, grain yield, and grain appearance, 196 lines were advanced to preliminary trials. 228 lines of durum wheat were planted at Davis. 75 lines were moved to the preliminary trial. Addition of new hybrids and segregating populations: 127 crosses among common wheat and 74 crosses among durum wheat were made during the winter and spring of 2010, the F1 seeds were grown at Tulelake during the summer and the F2 seeds were planted in the field in November, 2010. Information was disseminated through 7 peer reviewed papers, presentations to meetings, invited talks, field days, meetings with industry, and the online Agronomy Progress Report 303 (60 pages). PARTICIPANTS: This project integrated activities from several Farm advisors. It also established collaborations with three private whet breeding companies that release wheat varieties for California. TARGET AUDIENCES: The targeted audience of this project includes private wheat scientists, wheat breeders, wheat growers, millers and bakers. The results from this project were presented to the targeted audience in field days and local meetings of growers and farm advisors, and in the Quality Collaborative meeting to the milling and backing industry. The germplasm and varieties developed by this project are publicly available and being used extensively by California growers and as parental lines in other public and private wheat breeding programs. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period.
Impacts During 2010 we have made available to the growers the hard red spring variety Lassik that has a excellent breadmaking quality, and is resistant to current races of stripe rust. Foundation seed of the durum varieties Tipai and Dessert King-High Protein were available to the seed companies. UC Davis durum wheat variety Desert King, represents a significant yield increase over the leading variety currently grown in the Imperial Valley and is currently being grown in 15% of the California wheat acreage. The release of new varieties with better yield and improved resistance to diseases and quality is an efficient way to transfer the value of research to the California wheat growers. In addition, the incorporation of new leaf rust and stripe rust resistance genes has reduced the requirements of pesticides resulting in a direct benefit to the environment. The introgression of stripe rust resistance genes using molecular markers has effectively stopped the stripe rust epidemic that started in 2000 and that resulted in large economic losses for the California wheat growers. The University program has established collaborations with private breeding programs to help them accelerate the introduction of resistance genes in their own varieties. These collaborations have extended the impact of the University breeding program on the improvement of wheat varieties for California by helping two of these companies to release improved varieties using marker assisted selection.
Publications
- Chao, S., J. Dubcovsky, J. Dvorak, M.C. Luo, P.S. Baenziger, R. Matnyazov, D.R. Clark, L.E. Talbert, J.A. Anderson, S. Dreisigacker, K. Glover, J. Chen, K. Campbell, P.L. Bruckner, J.C. Rudd, S. Haley, B.F. Carver, S. Perry, M.E. Sorrells, and E. Akhunov. 2010. Population- and genome-specific patterns of linkage disequilibrium and SNP variation in spring and winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). BMC Genomics 11:727.
- Akhunov E.D., A.R. Akhunova, O.D. Anderson, J.A. Anderson, N. Blake, M.T. Clegg, D. Coleman-Derr, E.E. Conley, C.C. Crossman, K.R. Deal, J. Dubcovsky, B.S. Gill, Y.Q. Gu, J. Hadam, H. Heo, N. Huo, G.R. Lazo, M.C. Luo, Y.Q. Ma, D.E. Matthews, P.E. McGuire, P.L. Morrell, C.O. Qualset, J. Renfro, D. Tabanao, L.E. Talbert, C. Tian, D.M. Toleno, M. Warburton, F.M. You, W. Zhang, and J. Dvorak. 2010 Nucleotide diversity maps reveal variation in diversity among wheat genomes and chromosomes. BMC Genomics. 11:702.
- Lowe, I., D. Cantu, and J. Dubcovsky. 2010. Durable resistance to the wheat rusts: integrating systems biology and traditional phenotype-based research methods to guide the deployment of resistance genes. Euphytica. In press.
- Brevis, J.C., C. F. Morris, F. Manthey, and J. Dubcovsky. 2010. Effect of the grain protein content locus Gpc-B1 on bread and pasta quality. Journal of Cereal Science 51 357-365.
- Yu, L.-X., S. Liu, J.A. Anderson, R.P. Singh, Y. Jin, J. Dubcovsky, G. Brown-Guidera, S. Bhavani, A. Morgounov, Z. He, J. Huerta-Espino, and M.E. Sorrells. 2010. Haplotype diversity of stem rust resistance loci in uncharacterized wheat lines. Molecular Breeding 26:667-680.
- Olson, E.L., G. Brown-Guedira, D.S. Marshall, Y. Jin, M. Mergoum, I. Lowe, J. Dubcovsky. 2010. Genotyping of U.S. wheat germplasm for presence of stem rust resistance genes Sr24, Sr36 and Sr1RSAmigo. Crop Science 50:668-675.
- Brevis, J.C., and J. Dubcovsky. 2010. Effects of the chromosome region including the grain protein content locus Gpc-B1 on wheat grain and protein yield. Crop Science 50:59-66.
- Mayo, P., D. Prato, J. Fraser, L. Jackson, L.W. Gallagher, O. Chicaiza, Z. Abate, F.T. Maciel, D. Kirby, D. Marcum, B. Marsh, D. Munier, S. Orloff, J. Schmierer, R. Wilson, S. Wright and J. Dubcovsky. 2009 Regional barley, common wheat and triticale, and durum wheat performance tests in California. Agronomy Progress Report 303, 60 pages. (http://agric.ucdavis.edu/crops/cereals/2010/pdf/APR2010.pdf)
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Progress 01/01/09 to 12/31/09
Outputs OUTPUTS: Variety releases: During 2009 the UC Davis durum wheat variety Desert King was grown in 11% of the durum wheat acreage of California and Patwin was released for commercial production. Foundation seed was produced for the hard white spring variety Lassik and seed was distributed to grain dealers. Regional trials: Common wheat: lines UC1600 and UC1616 are being retested and 3 new lines UC1599, UC1642, and UC1643 were added in the 2010 regional trial. Durum wheat: The line UC1585 'Tipai' derived from the cross Kofa/UC1113//UC1113 was the highest yielding line at Imperial Valley in 2008 and 2009. It also showed excellent pasta quality scores. UC1585 was selected as candidate for future release and breeder seed is being produced. The lines UC1628 and UC1629 will be retested in 2010 and 3 new durum lines UC1644, UC1645, and UC1646 were included in the 2010 regional. Quality Collaborators Program: Four new lines UC1599, UC1616, UC1642, and UC1643 of common wheat and three new lines UC1644, UC1645, and UC1646 of durum wheat were included in the 2010 quality evaluation test. Yield trials: 215 lines of common wheat were evaluated in elite, advanced, and preliminary yield trials. 277 lines of durum wheat were evaluated in elite, advanced, and preliminary yield trials. Based on the agronomic characteristics, disease reaction, grain yield, grain protein, and grain appearance, 66 lines of common wheat, and 67 lines of durum wheat were selected and sent to the CWC Quality Laboratory for a complete quality test. 103 lines of durum wheat were sent to the CWC laboratory for color "b" value evaluation. 54 lines were sent to the Cereal Laboratory to test for HMW and PPO. 280 lines of common wheat are being tested in the new 2010 elite (30), advanced (88), and preliminary (162) yield trials. A total of 198 lines of durum wheat were moved to the 2010 elite (25), advanced (100) and preliminary (73) yield trials. Observation plots: A total of 536 lines of common wheat were evaluated in observation plots, after selection for agronomic characteristics, disease reaction, grain yield, and grain appearance, 155 lines were advanced to preliminary trials. 562 lines of durum wheat were planted at Davis, and 78 lines of durum wheat low Cadmium (Cd) were selected using molecular markers and were planted at Davis and Imperial Valley. Five lines were advanced to the Elite trial. Addition of new hybrids and segregating populations: 114 crosses among common wheat and 48 crosses among durum wheat were made during the winter and spring of 2009, the F1 seeds were grown at Tulelake during the summer and the F2 seeds were planted in the field in November, 2009. Other segregating generations included 171 F2 populations, 166 F3 families (16,420 lines), 248 F4 families (9,654 lines), 123 F5 families (3,210 lines), and 113 F6 families (2,980 lines). Information was disseminated through 7 peer reviewed papers, 8 presentations to meetings, 6 invited talks, field days, meetings with industry, and the online Agronomy report (http://agric.ucdavis.edu/crops/cereals/2009/pdf/APR2009COMPLETE.pdf) PARTICIPANTS: This project integrated activities from several Farm advisors. It also established collaborations with three private whet breeding companies that release wheat varieties for California. TARGET AUDIENCES: The targeted audience of this project includes private wheat scientists, wheat breeders, wheat growers, millers and bakers. The results from this project were presented to the targeted audience in field days and local meetings of growers and farm advisors, and in the Quality Collaborative meeting to the milling and backing industry. The germplasm and varieties developed by this project are publicly available and being used extensively by California growers and as parental lines in other public and private wheat breeding programs. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period.
Impacts During 2009 we have made available to the growers the hard white spring variety Patwin that has a very high grain protein content, excellent breadmaking quality, and is resistant to current races of stripe rust. Certified seed of the hard red spring variety Lassik is now under production. This variety has five favorable genes for disease resistance and quality combined using marker assisted selection. In the area of pasta wheat, the UC Davis durum wheat variety Desert King, represents a significant yield increase over the leading variety currently grown in the Imperial Valley and is currently being grown in 11% of the California wheat acreage. The release of new varieties with better yield and improved resistance to diseases and quality is an efficient way to transfer the value of research to the California wheat growers. In addition, the incorporation of new leaf rust and stripe rust resistance genes has reduced the requirements of pesticides resulting in a direct benefit to the environment. The introgression of stripe rust resistance genes using molecular markers has effectively stopped the stripe rust epidemic that started in 2000 and that resulted in large economic losses for the California wheat growers. The University program has established collaborations with private breeding programs to help them accelerate the introduction of resistance genes in their own varieties. These collaborations have extended the impact of the University breeding program on the improvement of wheat varieties for California by helping two of these companies to release improved varieties using marker assisted selection.
Publications
- Garbus, I., A.D. Carrera, J. Dubcovsky, and V. Echenique. 2009. Physical mapping of durum wheat lipoxygenase genes. Journal of Cereal Science 50:67-73.
- Fu, D., C. Uauy, A. Distelfeld, A. Blechl, L. Epstein, X. Chen, H. Sela, T. Fahima, and J. Dubcovsky. 2009. A kinase-START gene confers temperature-dependent resistance to wheat stripe rust. Science. 323:1357-1360.
- Chao S., W. Zhang, E. Akhunov, J. Sherman, Y. Ma, M. Luo, and J. Dubcovsky. 2009. Analysis of gene-derived SNP marker polymorphism in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Molecular Breeding. 23:23-33.
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Progress 01/01/08 to 12/31/08
Outputs OUTPUTS: Variety releases: During 2008 certified seed was produced for the hard white spring variety Patwin and foundation seed for the hard red spring variety Lassik. Both varieties have known resistance genes incorporated by marker assisted selection are resistance to stripe rust. Lassik also includes alleles for strong gluten and one for increased grain protein content. Relative to its parental line Anza, Lassik has increased grain protein content and breadmaking quality. Regional trials: Common wheat: Breeding line UC 1600 has been selected as candidate for future release and, therefore, is being re-tested in the 2009 regional trial as well as in collaborative quality testing trials. Breeding lines UC1599, Three new HRS lines UC1616, UC1617 and UC1618 have been selected for the 2009 regional trial. Durum wheat: Breeding lines UC1585 and UC1598 have been selected for an additional year of testing in regional trials and for production of breeder seed. Three new lines UC1627, UC1628 and UC1629 were selected for the 2009 regional trial. Quality Collaborators Program: The HRS line UC1600 and the durum lines UC1585 and UC1598 were tested by millers and bakers and received good quality scores. These lines will be re-tested for a second year. Seed of three new HRS wheat lines (UC1616, UC1617 and UC1618), and three durum wheat lines (UC1627, UC1628 and UC1629) are being produced for the 2009 evaluations. Yield trials: 206 lines of common wheat were evaluated in elite, advanced, and preliminary yield trials. 225 lines of durum wheat were evaluated in elite, advanced, and preliminary yield trials. Based on the agronomic characteristics, disease reaction, grain yield, grain protein, and grain appearance, 56 lines of common wheat, and 66 lines of durum wheat were selected and sent to the CWC Quality Laboratory for a complete quality test. 69 lines of durum wheat were sent to the CWC laboratory for color "b" value evaluation. From the previous lines we selected 205 lines of common wheat including 25 for the elite, 60 for the advanced, and 130 for the preliminary yield trials. 277 lines of durum wheat have been selected for the 2009 elite (25), advanced (40), and preliminary (212) yield trials. Observation plots: 566 lines of common wheat and 627 lines of durum wheat were evaluated. Based on agronomic characteristics, disease resistance, grain protein and grain appearance; 123 lines of common wheat, and 201 lines of durum wheat were advanced to the 2009 preliminary yield trials. Addition of new hybrids and segregating populations: 124 crosses among common wheat and 43 crosses among durum wheat were made during the winter and spring of 2008, the F1 seeds were grown at Tulelake during the summer and the F2 seeds were planted in the field in November, 2008. Other segregating generations included 166 F2 populations, 274 F3 families (20,482 lines, 141 F4 families (4,206 lines), 136 F5 families (3,925 lines), and 154 F6 families (4,355 lines). The best F6 lines of common and durum wheat were harvested in bulk and advanced to the 2009 observation plots. PARTICIPANTS: This project integrated activities from one Small Grains Extension Specialist and several Farm advisors. It also established collaborations with three private whet breeding companies that release wheat varieties for California. TARGET AUDIENCES: The targeted audience of this project includes private wheat scientists, wheat breeders, wheat growers, millers and bakers. The results from this project were presented to the targeted audience in field days and local meetings of growers and farm advisors. The germplasm and varieties developed by this project are publicly available and being used extensively by California growers and as parental lines in other public and private wheat breeding programs. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period.
Impacts The UC Davis durum wheat variety Desert King, represents a significant yield increase over the leading variety currently grown in the Imperial Valley and is currently being grown in 11% of the California wheat acreage. During 2008 we have also made available to the growers the hard white spring variety Patwin that has a very high grain protein content, excellent breadmaking quality, and is resistant to current races of stripe rust. Foundation seed of the new hard red spring variety Lassik has been made available to grain dealers. This variety has five favorable genes for disease resistance and quality combined using marker assisted selection. The release of new varieties with better yield and improved resistance to diseases and quality is an efficient way to transfer the value of research to the California wheat growers. In addition, the incorporation of new leaf rust, stripe rust, and septoria resistance genes will reduce the requirements of pesticides resulting in a direct benefit to the environment. The University program has established collaborations with private breeding programs to help them accelerate the introduction of resistance genes in their own varieties. These collaborations have extended the impact of the University breeding program on the improvement of wheat varieties for California by helping two of these companies to release improved varieties using marker assisted selection.
Publications
- Bonafede, M., Chicaiza O., Tranquilli G., and Dubcovsky J. 2008. Registration of an hexaploid wheat translocation line carrying a short segment of chromosome 5Am including softness genes Pina and Pinb from Triticum monococcum. Journal of Plant Registration. 2:165-166. Brevis, J.C., Khan I.A., Chicaiza O., Morris C.F., Jackson L., and Dubcovsky J. 2008. Agronomic and quality evaluation of common wheat near-isogenic lines carrying the leaf rust resistance gene Lr47. Crop Science. 48:1441-1451. Zhang, W. and Dubcovsky J. 2008. Association between allelic variation at the Phytoene synthase 1 gene and yellow pigment content in the wheat grain. Theoretical and Applied Genetics. 116:635-645. Presentations Fu D., Uauy C., Distelfeld A., Fahima T., Chen X., Dubcovsky J.. 2008. High density map of wheat stripe rust resistance gene Yr36. Plant and Animal Genome XVI Conference, January 2008, San Diego, CA. Brevis J.C., and Dubcovsky J. 2008. Effect of the Gpc-B1 region from Triticum turgidum ssp. dicoccoides on grain yield and thousand grain weight. 11th Int. Wheat Genetics Symp. Brisbane, Australia, August 24-29. Brevis J.C. and Dubcovsky J..2008. Effect of the Gpc-B1 region from Triticum turgidum ssp. dicoccoides on grain and total protein yield. Crop Science Society of America (CSSA) October 5-9 Huston, TX.
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Progress 01/01/07 to 12/31/07
Outputs Production of breeder and foundation seed of new wheat varieties: hard whit spring (HWS) varieties Patwin and Clear White and durum wheat variety Desert King are available commercially to the growers. Foundation seed of the new HRS variety Lassik developed by Marker Assisted Selection is being increased for a second cycle by the Foundation Seed Program. Lassik is an improved version of the variety Anza including new genes Gpc-B1 (high grain protein), Glu-A1 subunit 1 and Glu-D1 subunit 5+10 (strong gluten), and Yr36, Yr17/Lr37/Sr38 (rust resistance genes). Lassik has increased resistance to stripe rust in the field and improved breadmaking quality than Anza. Regional trials: Clear White, Patwin, Lassik and Desert King were included in regional trials. New lines in the regional trials included common whet lines UC1551, UC1552, UC1553, and UC1554; and durum lines UC1581, UC1563, UC1564, and UC1503. Durum line UC1581 should the highest yield among all private and public
durum lines in Imperial Valley, UC1503 took the second place and Desert King the fourth confirming the high yield potential of the UC durum lines. Yield trials: More than 500 lines of common and durum wheat were evaluated in elite, advanced, and preliminary yield trials. Based on the agronomic characteristics, disease reaction, grain yield, and grain appearance, 69 lines of common wheat, and 39 lines of durum wheat were selected and sent to the CWC quality laboratory for a complete quality test. The best lines have been submitted for the 2008 regional trials. In addition, more than 200 lines of durum and common wheat were evaluated in observation plots and the best agronomic lines were evaluated for grain protein content. The best lines were selected and advanced to the 2008 preliminary yield trial. Addition of new hybrids and segregating populations: Approximately 200 new crosses were made during the winter and spring of 2007, the F1 seeds were grown at Tulelake during the summer and
the F2 seeds were planted in the field in November, 2007.
Impacts The release of new varieties with better yield and improved resistance to diseases and quality is an efficient way to transfer the value of research to the California wheat growers. In addition, the incorporation of new leaf rust, stripe rust, and septoria resistance genes will reduce the requirements of pesticides resulting in a direct benefit to the environment. The new hard red spring varieties Lassik and Patwin include new stripe rust resistance genes incorporated by marker assisted selection and the durum variety Desert King is being planted in a substantial acreage in the Imperial Valley with excellent yields. The University program has established collaborations with private breeding programs to help them accelerate the introduction of resistance genes in their own varieties. A good example of this collaboration is the new variety Expresso from WestBred developed in collaboration with the UC marker assisted selection program, which incorporated two new genes for
stripe rust resistance. These collaborations have extended the impact of the University breeding program on the improvement of wheat varieties for California.
Publications
- Publications Bonafede, M., Kong L., Tranquilli G., Ohm H., and Dubcovsky J. 2007. Reduction of a Triticum monococcum chromosome segment carrying the softness genes Pina and Pinb translocated to bread wheat. Crop Science 47: 821-826.
- Carrera A., Echenique V., Zhang W., Helguera M., Manthey F., Schrager A., Picca A., Cervigni G. and Dubcovsky J. 2007. A deletion at the Lpx-B1 locus is associated with low lipoxygenase activity and improved pasta color in durum wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp. durum). Journal of Cereal Science 45:67-77.
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Progress 01/01/06 to 12/31/06
Outputs Production of breeder and foundation seed of new wheat varieties: Durum wheat variety Desert King and hard whit spring (HWS) Clear White were made available commercially to growers as certified seed. Foundation seed of the new HWS variety Patwin, the first CA wheat variety developed by Marker Assisted Selection, was made available to grain handlers to produce commercial seed. Breeders Seed of the new hard red spring variety Lassik was transferred to the Foundation Seed Program for production of Foundation seed. Lassik is an improved version of the variety Anza. Seven new genes were pyramided with the use of marker assisted selection: the high grain protein gene Gpc-B1, the strong gluten alleles Glu-A1 subunit 1 and Glu-D1 subunit 5+10, and the rust resistance genes Yr36, and Yr17/Lr37/Sr38. Relative to Anza, the new variety showed increased resistance to stripe rust in the field and excellent protein (increased from 12.6 percent to 13.6 percent protein) and
breadmaking quality (16 percent increase in loaf volume) in tests performed by several commercial millers. Regional trials: Patwin and Lassik will be retested in regional trials. New lines in the regional trials include three HRS (UC1551, UC1552, and UC1553) one HWS (UC1554) and three durum lines (UC1581, UC1563, and UC1564). Two HRS (Lassik and UC1551), and four Durum lines UC1581, UC1564, and UC1585 were selected and planted for Quality Collaborators tests. Yield trials: 407 lines of common wheat and 161 lines of durum wheat were evaluated in elite, advanced, and preliminary yield trials. Based on the agronomic characteristics, disease reaction, grain yield, and grain appearance, 18 lines of common wheat, and 74 lines of durum wheat were selected and sent to the CWC quality laboratory for a complete quality test. 166 lines of common wheat were sent to the CWC laboratory for SDS test. Five lines of common wheat are being retested together with 18 new lines in the 2007 elite yield
trial. Nine lines of durum wheat are being retested together with 15 new lines and three controls in the 2007 elite durum yield trial. 84 lines of common wheat and 56 lines of durum wheat are being tested in advanced yield trials. Observation plots: 226 lines of durum wheat were evaluated. Based on agronomic characteristics, disease resistance and grain appearance, 108 lines of durum wheat were sent to the CWC laboratory for color b value test. 60 lines were selected and advanced to the 2007 preliminary yield trial. Addition of new hybrids and segregating populations: A total of 227 (163 common and 64 durum) new crosses were made during the winter and spring of 2006, the F1 seeds were grown at Tulelake during the summer and the F2 seeds were planted in the field in November, 2006. Other segregating generations included 164 F2 populations, 209 F3 populations, 197 F4 populations, 162 F5 families (2,891 lines), and 157 F6 families (541 lines). 66 F6 families (203 lines) of common wheat
and 47 F6 families (209 lines) of durum wheat were harvested in bulk and advanced to the 2007 observation plots. 40 F6 families (227 lines) were advanced to F7 families.
Impacts The release of new varieties with better yield and improved resistance to diseases and quality is an efficient way to transfer the value of research to the California wheat growers. In addition, the incorporation of new leaf rust, stripe rust, and septoria resistance genes will reduce the requirements of pesticides resulting in a direct benefit to the environment. The new hard red spring variety Lassik combines simultaneously several resistance genes, a strategy called gene pyramiding. The rationale for this strategy is to increase the durability of the disease resistance of the released varieties. The new durum variety released by the UCD breeding program, named Desert King, represents a significant yield increase over the leading variety currently grown in the Imperial Valley. The University program has established collaborations with private breeding programs to help them accelerate the introduction of resistance genes in their own varieties. These collaborations
have extended the impact of the University breeding program on the improvement of wheat varieties for California.
Publications
- Bregitzer, P., Fiedler, D., Blechl A.E., Lin, J., Sebesta, P., Fernandez De Soto, J., Chicaiza, O., Dubcovksy, J. 2006 Changes in high molecular weight glutenin subunit composition can be gnetically engineered without impacting wheat agronomic performance. Crop Sci. 46:1553-1563.
- Chicaiza, O., Khan, I.A., Zhang, X., Brevis, J.C., Jackson, L., Chen, X., and Dubcovsky, J. 2005. Registration of five wheat isogenic lines for leaf rust and stripe rust resistance genes. Crops Science 46:485-487.
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Progress 01/01/05 to 12/31/05
Outputs Production of breeder and foundation seed of new wheat varieties: Hard Red Spring new variety Miwok (UC1494): planted at Davis in November 04. Fifty pounds of breeder seed was harvested in June 2005 and used to produce 2100 pounds of foundation seed during the summer at Salinas, CA. The Hard White Spring new variety Elkhorn (UC1419): 800 head rows were planted at Tulelake and produced 400 pounds of breeder seed, which was delivered to the FSP to produce foundation seed in 2006. An improved version of Anza including the high grain protein gene Gpc-B1, the strong gluten alleles 1 and 5+10, and the rust resistance genes Yr36, and Yr17/Lr37/Sr38 was planted at Tulelake. Segregation for height was observed in this environment, and both the short phenotype (UC1495) and the tall phenotype (UC1514) were repurified. Individual heads were harvested and planted as headrows in Davis in November 05 to produce breeder seed. Regional trials: Lines UC1418 (HRS) and UC1296 (HWS) were
dropped because they became susceptible to stripe rust. The line UC1452 (durum wheat) will be re-tested in the 05-06 regional trial. The new HRS lines UC1493, UC1494, UC1495, and UC1514 and the durum lines UC1503, and UC1504 were included in the 05-06 regional trial. Yield trials: 70 lines of common wheat and 60 lines of durum wheat were evaluated in elite, advanced, and preliminary yield trials. Based on the agronomic characteristics, disease reaction, grain yield, and grain appearance, 23 lines of common wheat, and 16 lines of durum wheat were selected and sent to the CWC Quality Laboratory for a complete quality test. One line of common wheat will be retested in the elite trial together with 14 new lines included for the 05-06 cycle. Five lines will be tested in the 05-06 advanced yield trial. Six lines of durum wheat will be retested in the 05-06 elite together with 12 new lines. Seventeen lines will be tested in the 05-06 advanced yield trial. Observation plots: 385 lines of
common wheat and 118 lines of durum wheat were evaluated in the field. Based on agronomic characteristics and disease resistance, 226 lines of common wheat and 118 lines of durum wheat were harvested and tested for grain protein content at the Department of Food and Agriculture in West Sacramento. Finally, 172 lines of common wheat and 64 lines of durum wheat were advanced to the 05-06 preliminary yield trials. Addition of new hybrids and segregating populations: A total of 153 new crosses (92 common and 61 durum wheat) were made during the winter and spring of 2004, the F1 seeds were grown at Tulelake during the summer and the F2 seeds were planted in the field in November, 2005. Other segregating populations advanced during the 2004-2005 cycle included 193 F2 families, 197 F3 families, 166 F4 families (5410 lines), 157 F5 families (2891 lines), and 190 F6 families (1190 lines). Thirty families (207 lines) of common wheat and 69 families (279 lines) of durum wheat were harvested in
bulk and advanced to the observation plots or preliminary yield trials.
Impacts The release of new varieties with better yield and improved resistance to diseases and quality is an efficient way to transfer the value of research to the California wheat growers. In addition, the incorporation of new leaf rust, stripe rust, and septoria resistance genes will reduce the requirements of pesticides resulting in a direct benefit to the environment. The new hard red spring variety Miwok released by the UC Davis wheat breeding program combines simultaneously several resistance genes, a strategy called gene pyramiding. The rationale for this strategy is to increase the durability of the disease resistance of the released varieties. The new durum variety released by the UCD breeding program, named Desert King, represents a significant yield increase over the leading variety currently grown in the Imperial Valley. The University program has established collaborations with private breeding programs to help them accelerate the introduction of resistance genes
in their own varieties. These collaborations have extended the impact of the University breeding program on the improvement of wheat varieties for California
Publications
- Uauy, C., J.C. Brevis, X. Chen, I.A. Khan, L. Jackson, O. Chicaiza, A. Distelfeld, T. Fahima, and J. Dubcovsky . 2005. High-temperature adult plant (HTAP) stripe rust resistance gene Yr36 from Triticum turgidum ssp. dicoccoides is closely linked to the grain protein content locus Gpc-B1. Theor Appl Genet. 112: 97-105..
- Kade, M. A. J. Barneix, S. Olmos and J. Dubcovsky. 2005. Nitrogen uptake and remobilization in tetraploid Langdon durum wheat and a recombinant substitution line with the high grain protein gene Gpc-B1. Plant Breeding. 124: 343-349.
- Chicaiza O., L. Jackson, and J. Dubcovsky. 2005. Registration of "Clear White" wheat. Crop Science In press
- Miller A. K., G. Galiba, and J. Dubcovsky. 2005. A cluster of eleven CBF transcription factors is located at the frost tolerance locus Fr-Am2 in Triticum monococcum. Mol. Gen. Genomics. In press.
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Progress 01/01/04 to 12/31/04
Outputs Variety releases: Foundation seed was produced for the new varieties Clear White (a hard white spring variety) and Oro (a Desert Durum variety). Regional trials: Six common wheat UC lines were evaluated in the field and then tested for breadmaking quality. Based on these results the hard spring line UC1418 and the hard white spring lines UC1419 and UC1296 are being considered for potential new variety releases. Yield trials: Approximately 230 lines of common and durum wheat were evaluated in: elite, advanced, and preliminary yield trials. Based on the agronomic characteristics, disease reaction, grain yield, and grain appearance, the best lines were selected and sent to the California Wheat Commission Quality Laboratory for a complete quality test. This information was used to advance the best lines to the Elite and Advanced trials. Among the durum wheats, line 04201/18 was advanced to the Regional trials. Observation plots: 90 lines of common wheat and 52 lines of
durum wheat were evaluated. Out of these 142 lines, 40 lines of common wheat and 43 lines of durum wheat were selected based on agronomic characteristics and tested for grain protein content at the Department of Food and Agriculture in West Sacramento. Thirty three lines of common wheat were selected for preliminary yield trials. A total of 38 lines of durum wheat were selected for preliminary yield trial. Short rows screening nursery: 2046 lines of common wheat and 823 of durum wheat from CIMMYT were evaluated for agronomic characteristics and reaction to stripe rust, leaf rust, and septoria. A total of 182 lines of common wheat and 118 lines of durum wheat were advanced to observation plots. Addition of new lines, hybrids and segregating populations: A total of 186 (146 common and 40 durum) new crosses were made during the winter and spring of 2004, the F1 seeds were grown at Tulelake and the F2 populations were planted in the field in November, 2004. The F2 generation included 166
populations of common wheat and 55 populations of durum wheat. From these, 150 populations of common wheat and 47 populations of durum wheat were selected. One head from each selected plant was harvested and trashed in bulk to plant the F3 selected bulk populations in November 2004. A total of 117 F3 families (8053 lines), 161 F4 families (1831 lines), 17 F5 families (309 lines), and 40 F6 families (369 lines) of common wheat were evaluated and the best lines advanced one generation. For the durum wheats, 55 F3 families (3974 lines), 50 F4 families (438 lines), 24 F5 families (263 lines), and 52 F6 families (164 lines) were evaluated and advanced one generation. In addition, 23 families (637 F2:6 lines) advanced by Single Seed Descent were planted in the field.
Impacts The release of new varieties with better yield and improved resistance to diseases and quality is an efficient way to transfer the value of research to the growers. The incorporation of new leaf rust, stripe rust, and septoria resistance genes will reduce the requirements of pesticides resulting in a direct benefit to the environment. Oro, the new durum variety released by the UCD breeding program showed average yields that were 560 lbs/a higher than the leading variety in the Imperial Valley and 1,370 lbs/a higher in the San Joaquin Valley, the two main durum regions in California. The variety Clear White is the first hard white spring variety in California with a low level of Polyphenol Oxidase (PPO). This is an important trait for noodles quality. High levels of PPO produce a discoloration of the noodles, which is an undesirable quality characteristic. Clear White has also excellent breadmaking quality providing the California wheat growers with a new and versatile
variety.
Publications
- Helguera, M., Vanzetti L., Soria M., Khan I. A., Kolmer J., and Dubcovsky J. 2004. PCR markers for Triticum speltoides leaf rust resistance gene Lr51 and their use to develop isogenic hard red spring wheat lines. Crop Science. In press.
- Gieco, J.O., Dubcovsky J. and Camargo L.E.A. 2004. Interaction between resistance to Septoria tritici and phenological stages in wheat. Scientia Agricola 61: 422-426.
- Gieco, J.O., Dubcovsky J. and Camargo L.E.A. 2004. Aggressiveness and physiological specialization among isolates of Septoria tritici Rob. Scientia Agricola: 61: 414-421.
- Jackson L.F., Dubcovsky J., Gallagher L.W., Chicaiza O., Stewart D., Gibbs L.K., Prato-Mayo D., Kirby D., Carlson H., Canevari M., Marsh B., Meister H., Munier D., Orloff S., Roberts B., Schmierer J., Vargas R., and Wright S. 2004. 2004 Regional barley, common wheat and triticale, and durum wheat performance tests in California. Agronomy Progress Report 288: 1-60.
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Progress 01/01/03 to 12/31/03
Outputs Variety releases: Two varieties were released during this period: the hard white spring variety UC1361 and the durum variety Oro. Breeder seeds were delivered to the Foundation seed program at UC Davis to produce foundation seed during the 2003-2004 growing cycle. Regional trials: Two new HRS lines (UC1417 and UC1418), and one HWS line (UC1419) were advanced to the 03-04 Regional Wheat Trials. Four HWS and one Durum line will be re-tested in the 03-04 growing cycle. Yield trials: 201 lines of common wheat and 12 lines of durum wheat were evaluated in: elite, advanced, and preliminary yield trials. Based on the agronomic characteristics, disease reaction, grain yield, and grain appearance, 58 lines of common wheat, and 12 lines of durum wheat were selected and sent to the CWC Quality Laboratory for a complete quality test. Seven lines (two HRS and five HWS) will be tested (or re-tested) in both the Elite and the Regional trials. A total of 24 common wheat lines will be
evaluated in the Elite trial and 18 in the Advanced trial. Among the durum wheat lines one will be re-tested in both Elite and Regional trials and two lines will be re-tested only in the Elite trial. Observation plots: 64 lines of common wheat and 47 lines of durum wheat were evaluated. Out of these 111 lines, 43 lines of common wheat and 19 lines of durum wheat were selected based on agronomic characteristics and tested for grain protein content at the Department of Food and Agriculture in West Sacramento. Nine lines of HRS and 34 lines of HWS were selected for preliminary yield trials. A total of 17 lines of durum wheat were selected for Advanced yield trials. Additional 73 F6-plots of durum wheat were evaluated, 48 lines were harvested and tested for grain protein content at the Department of Food and Agriculture in West Sacramento. The best 20 lines were advanced to the elite yield trial and additional 28 lines will be evaluated in the preliminary yield trial. Short rows screening
nursery: 961 lines of common wheat and 453 lines of durum wheat from CIMMYT were evaluated for agronomic characteristics and reaction to stripe rust, leaf rust, and septoria. 78 lines of common wheat and 51 lines of durum wheat were advanced to observation plots. Addition of new lines, hybrids and segregating populations: 1,166 lines of common wheat and 295 lines of durum wheat from CIMMYT were cleared through quarantine and planted in the field at Davis in November 2003. A total of 219 (159 common and 60 durum) new crosses were made during the winter and spring of 2003, the F1 seeds were grown in the greenhouse and the F2seeds were planted in the field in November, 2003. The F2 populations included 141 common wheat lines and 79 durum wheat lines. A total of 6,963 lines (5,382 common wheat and 1,581 durum wheat) were advanced as F3 to F6 segregating populations during the 02-03 growing season. After selection for agronomic characteristics and disease resistance 10,562 lines of common
wheat (8,053 F3, 1,831 F4, 309 F5, 369 F6) and 5,243 lines of durum wheat (3,794 F3, 438 F4, 263 F5, 164 F6, and 584 F6:7) were selected for field planting in November 2003.
Impacts The release of new varieties with better yield and improved resistance to diseases and quality is an efficient way to transfer the value of research to the growers. The incorporation of new resistance genes will reduce the requirements of pesticides resulting in a direct benefit to the environment. Incorporation of the T. dicoccoides gene for high grain protein content may improve the efficiency of nitrogen utilization.
Publications
- Distelfeld A, Olmos S, Schlatter AR, Barneix A, Echenique V, Dubcovsky J, and Fahima T. 2003. High-density map of the high grain protein content gene in durum wheat. Plant and Animal Genome XI Conference, January, 2003 San Diego, CA.
- Olmos S, Distelfeld J, Chicaiza O, Schlatter AR, Fahima T, Echenique V and Dubcovsky J. 2003. Mapping of a locus affecting protein content in the grain of pasta wheat. XXXII Argentine Genetics Symposium. Huerta Grande, Argentina. September 21-24, 2003
- Vanzetti L, Nisi MM, Formica MB, Appendino ML, Tranquilli G, Manifesto MM, Yan L, Dubcovsky J, Helguera M. 2003. Use of genetic varaition in the GBSS and AP1 genes to characterize common wheat germoplasm. IV Symposium of Genetic Resources for Latin America and the Caribbean. November 10-14, 2003. Mar del Plata. Argentina.
- Dubcovsky J, Chicaiza O, Jackson L. 2003. HRS wheat variety Clear white. Germplasm Release Committee UC Davis. December 2003
- Dubcovsky J, Chicaiza O, Jackson L. 2003. Durum wheat variety Oro. Germplasm Release Committee UC Davis. December 2003
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Progress 01/01/02 to 12/31/02
Outputs New breeding materials with adequate disease resistance, competitive yields, and improved end-use quality, for bread making properties, pasta and noodle making were produced or advanced during the 02 cropping cycle. The breeding lines that are closest to release in the common red class are: 1) A line of UC1037 with an introgressed 5+10 High Molecular Weight (HMW) glutenin allele and a gene for high grain protein content from T. dicoccoides. This material is in its second cycle of seed increase. 2) A new line with excellent yield potential that was entered into the 2002 regional trials as UC1358. 3) A line of Yecora Rojo with two new leaf rust resistance genes (the first of the two generations required to combine both genes was made this year). In the white class the line UC1110 (highest yielding in the San Joaquin Regional trials previous years) showed weak gluten due to the presence of the HMW subunits 2+12. An accelerated backcross program was initiated to correct
this problem and three generations were advanced. The most advanced material for release in the common white class is UC1361. This line has excellent breadmaking quality and also low polyphenol oxidase activity for noodle production. An additional promising hard white line is UC896. We have finished the introgression of the HMW subunits 5+10 in UC896 and we are now combining this trait with low PPO activity. The 02 growing cycle had a high pressure for stripe rust and a late invasion of leaf rust that provided a good opportunity for selection against these two diseases. The new leaf rust resistance gene Lr47 incorporated into Yecora Rojo by Marker Assisted Selection (MAS) was resistant to these leaf rust races. Isogenic lines with and without this gene in three different varieties are currently planted in Elite trials to evaluate the effect of the chromosome segment including Lr47 on the agronomic performance in the field. Seeds are also being increased in head-rows for five lines
with the additional adult plant leaf rust resistance gene Lr37. We continued with the backcrossing of the stripe rust resistance gene Yr15 and added a new program to incorporate resistance gene Yr5. These two genes are currently resistant to the new races present in the central Valley. Marker assisted selection programs for quality traits were advanced one or two cycles. Six generations of backcrossing were completed in 20 lines and seed is being increased in head-rows. The high research productivity of the program received national recognition with the award of a 3.25 million dollars grant to develop a National Marker Assisted Selection Program, leaded by our laboratory.
Impacts The release of new varieties with better yield and improved quality is an efficient way to transfer the value of research to the growers. The incorporation of new resistance genes will reduce the requirements of pesticides resulting in a direct benefit to the environment. Incorporation of the T. dicoccoides gene for high grain protein content may improve the efficiency of nitrogen utilization.
Publications
- Peer reviewed manuscripts. Tranquilli, G., M. Cuniberti, M. C. Gianibelli, L. Bullrich, O. Larroque, F. MacRitchie and J. Dubcovsky. 2002. Effect of Triticum monococcum glutenin loci on bread-making and cookie quality. J. of Cereal Science. 36: 9-18.
- Gianibelli, M.C., M. Echaide, O.R. Larroque, J.M. Carrillo, and J. Dubcovsky. 2002. Molecular Characterisation of Glu-1 Loci in Argentinean Wheat Cultivars. Euphytica in press.
- Reports. Jackson, L.F., J. Dubcovsky, L.W. Gallagher, O. Chicaiza, D. Stewart, H. Vogt, L.K. Gibbs, D. Prato-Mayo, D. Kirby, K. Brittan, H. Carlson, S. Garcia, B. Marsh, D. Munier, C. Mutters, S. Orloff, B. Roberts, R. Vargas, and S. Wright. 2002 Regional barley, common and durum wheat, triticale, and oat performance tests in California. Agronomy Progress Report 279: 1-67.
- Presentations in meetings and symposiums. Rousset, M., P. Brabant, J. Dubcovsky, and J. Dvorak. 2002. Study of the role of chromosome 1D on bread-making characteristics in bread wheat: use of recombinant substitution lines for gene mapping and QTL analysis. 12th Meeting of the European Wheat Aneuploid Co-operative (EWAC). Norwich, July 1 to 6 2002.
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Progress 01/01/01 to 12/31/01
Outputs The overall goal of this research is to develop new varieties of wheat with good agronomic performance and end-use properties. Variety releases: Certified seed of the released variety Kern was produced and distributed. The PVP application process was completed. Best lines: Two red lines and one white line were advanced to the 2001 Regional Wheat. Yield trials: 687 common wheat and 571 durum-wheat yield trial plots from preliminary, advanced, and elite experiments were evaluated and harvested. Based on yield, disease resistance and quality the best lines were advanced to Elite trials in three locations (Davis, Sutter and Kings). Observation Plots: 341 entries from bulk breeding head-rows and from CIMMYT materials were grown for observation in Davis. Seventy-two lines were tested for protein at the quality laboratory at the California Wheat Commission. Additional 35 common wheat lines were tested for Polyphenoloxidase activity (PPO), and 105 durum lines were tested for
semolina color in the UCD laboratory. Based on these tests, 56 lines were selected. Evaluation of headrows: 157 families including 18,696 head-rows were evaluated this year representing a 50 percent increase from previous year. From this trial, 556 rows were determined to have satisfactory agronomic appearance and disease resistance and were advanced to Observation yield trials. Addition of new lines and early generation materials: One hundred and fifty new five hybrid combinations were made in January, 2000. Backcrossing for the high grain-protein gene was completed in six varieties of common wheats and one variety of durum wheat, and advanced 2 generations in other 15 lines. Backcrossing of high molecular weight glutenins was completed in 4 lines and advanced one generation in another line. The incorporation of a low molecular weight glutenin with positive effect on gluten strength was advanced one generation in 4 lines. Two more generations of backcrossing were advanced for five
rust resistance genes in Kern, Yecora Rojo, Anza, Express, RSI5, UC1037, UC1128, UC1107 and UC1041. Backcrossing of Lr47 in six recurrent parents was completed and seed was increased in the greenhouse and planted in the field. Backcrossing of linked resistance genes Lr37 and Yr17 was completed in six different genetic backgrounds. Two additional generations of backcrossing were completed for stripe rust resistance gene Yr15.
Impacts The release of new varieties with better yield and improved quality is an efficient way to transfer the value of research to the growers. The incorporation of new resistance genes will reduce the requirements of pesticides resulting in a direct benefit to the environment. Incorporation of the T. dicoccoides gene for high grain protein content may improve the efficiency of nitrogen utilization.
Publications
- Jackson L.F., J. Dubcovsky, L.W. Gallagher, O. Chicaiza, D. Stewart, H. Vogt, L.K. Gibbs, D. Prato-Mayo, D. Kirby, M. Canevari, H. Carlson, S. Garcia, T. Kearney, D. Marcum, B. Marsh, D. Munier, C. Mutters, S. Orloff, J. Schmierer, R. Vargas, and S. Wright. 2001. 2001 Regional barley, common and durum wheat, triticale, and oat performance tests in California. Agronomy Progress Report 276: 1-56.
- Manifesto, M. M., A.R. Schlatter, H.E. Hopp, E.Y. Suarez, and J. Dubcovsky. 2001. Quantitative evaluation of genetic diversity in wheat germplasm using molecular markers. Crop Science. 41: 682-690.
- Rousset, M., P. Brabant, R.S. Kota, J. Dubcovsky, and J. Dvorak. 2001. Use of recombinant substitution lines for gene mapping and QTL analysis of bread making quality in wheat. Euphytica 119: 81-87.
- Galiba, G., I. Kerepesi, A. Vagujfalvi, G. Kocsy, L. Cattivelli, J. Dubcovsky, J.W. Snape, and J. Sutka. 2001. Mapping of genes involved in glutathione, carbohydrate and COR14b cold induced protein accumulation during cold hardening in wheat. Euphytica 119: 173-177.
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Progress 01/01/00 to 12/31/00
Outputs The overall goal of this research is to develop new varieties of wheat with good agronomic performance and improved end-use properties. The National Association of Wheat Growers awarded the Excellence in Research Award to this research program based on its high impact and productivity. Another important achievement for this year was the improvement of the field equipment through a DANR grant to purchase a new small-plot combine and a planter. Variety releases: common hard red variety Kern was released and certified seed is now available to the growers. New Breeders-seed was produced to increase the supply of Foundation-seed. Best lines: Six new germplasm including the new leaf rust resistance gene Lr47 were completed. Two red lines and one white line were advanced to the 2001 Regional Wheat Trials. The last cycle of backcrossing was completed for the HMW glutenin subunits (5+10) and the gene for high protein content on the most promising red lines. The micro-method
for semolina color selection was used to advance one backcross of the genes affecting good color and W values into the high yielding durum line UC1113. Yield trials: 687 common wheat and 571 durum wheat yield trial plots from preliminary, advanced, and elite experiments were evaluated and harvested. Observation Plots: 341 entries from bulk breeding head-rows were grown for observation in Davis. Evaluation of headrows: 157 families including 18,696 head-rows were evaluated this year for agronomic performance and disease resistance. Addition of new lines and early generation materials: 155 new hybrid combinations were made in January 2000 (56 common and 99 durum), advanced one generation in the greenhouse and planted in the field in November 2000. A new crossing block was initiated to incorporate nine new sources of resistance to Septoria tritici.
Impacts The release of new varieties with better yield and improved quality is an efficient way to transfer the value of research to the growers. The incorporation of new resistance genes will reduce the requirements of pesticides resulting in a direct benefit to the environment. Incorporation of the T. dicoccoides gene for high grain protein content may improve the efficiency of nitrogen utilization.
Publications
- Lukaszewski A. J., Porter D.R., Antonelli E. F., & Dubcovsky J. 2000. Registration of two germplasms of common wheat with interstitial translocations of Triticum speltoides carrying leaf rust and greenbug resistance genes. Crop Science. 40:590.
- Helguera M., Khan I. A, & Dubcovsky J. 2000. Development of PCR markers for wheat leaf rust resistance gene Lr47. Theor. Appl. Genet. 100: pp. 1137-1143.
- Papa, D., Anderson G. R., Miller C. A., Dubcovsky J., Lagudah E. S., Lapitan N. L.V. 2000. Fish physical mapping of DNA sequences associated with Russian Wheat Aphid resistance in wheat and barley. Plant Genome VIII, San Diego 01/09/00 to 01/12/00 USA Poser 36. Pg. 60.
- Vaagujfalvi, A., Croasatti C., Galiba G., Dubcovsky J., & Cativelli L. 2000. Mapping of regulatory loci controlling the accumulation of cold-regulated Cor14b mRNA in wheat. 6th International Wheat Conference, Budapest, Hungary. 2000.
- Manifesto, M. M., Schlatter A.R., Hopp H.E., Suaarez E.Y., & Dubcovsky J. 2001. Quantitative evaluation of genetic erosion in wheat germplasm using molecular markers. Crop Science. In Press.
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Progress 01/01/99 to 12/31/99
Outputs The overall goal of this research is to develop new varieties of wheat with good agronomic performance and end-use properties. Variety releases: Variety Kern (UC1036) was approved for release and Foundation seed was produced. A PVP application was initiated. Two new germplasm with resistance genes for leaf rust (Lr47) and green bug (Gb5) were registered. Best lines: Two common red and two common white were advanced from Elite to Regional Testing. Yield trials: 776 common wheat and 632 durum wheat yield trial plots from preliminary, advanced, and elite experiments were evaluated and harvested. Based on yield, disease resistance and quality the best lines were advanced to Elite trials in three locations (Davis, Sutter and Kings). Observation Plots: 567 entries from YPV yield/protein/loaf volume) crosses and from CIMMYT materials were grown for observation in Davis. One hundred twenty lines were advanced to four preliminary yield trials. Evaluation of headrows: 11326
bread wheat and 458 durum lines were evaluated and best lines advanced to a small plot, single rep observation nursery planted in Davis. Addition of new lines and early generation materials: One hundred and forty five hybrid combinations were made in January 99.
Impacts The release of new varieties with better yield gives the growers a direct benefit. The incorporation of new resistance genes in the released varieties and germplasm reduced the requirements of pesticides resulting in a direct benefit to the environment.
Publications
- Tranquilli, G., D. Lijavetzky, G. Muzzi, & J. Dubcovsky. 1999. Genetic and physical characterization of grain texture-related loci in diploid wheat. Molecular and General Genetics. 262: 846-850.
- Lukaszewski A. J., D. R. Porter , E. F. Antonelli, & J. Dubcovsky. 1999. Registration of two germplasms of common wheat with interstitial translocations of Triticum speltoides carrying leaf rust and greenbug resistance genes. Crop Sci. In press.
- Dubcovsky, J., G. Tranquilli, I. A. Khan, L. A. Pfluger, E. Suarez, M. Rousset, & J. Dvorak. 1999. Comparisons of recombination frequencies in hybrids involving telocentric and bibrachial wheat chromosomes. Theor. Appl. Genet. In press.
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Progress 01/01/98 to 12/31/98
Outputs The overall goal of this research is to develop new varieties of wheat with good agronomic performance and end-use properties. Variety releases: Breeders seed was produced for the red bread wheat line UC1036 (approved for variety release) and transferred to the CCIA for production of Foundation Seed. Two new germplasms with resistance genes for leaf rust (Lr47) and green bug (Gb5) were registered. Best lines: One common red and one common white were advanced from Elite to Regional Testing. Yield Trials: 1,320 common wheat and 250 durum wheat yield trial plots from preliminary, advanced, and elite experiments were evaluated and harvested. Based on yield, disease resistance and quality, 11 lines were advanced to Elite trials. Observation Plots: 1,290 entries from YPV (yield/protein/loaf volume) crosses and from CIMMYT materials were grown for observation in Davis. One hundred twenty lines were advanced to four preliminary yield trials. Evaluation of headrows: 511 bread
wheat and durum lines were advanced to a small plot, single rep observation nursery planted in Davis. Addition of new lines and early generation materials: Two hundred sixty new hybrid combinations were made in January 1998.
Impacts (N/A)
Publications
- Manifesto, MM, Feingold, S, Hopp, HE, Schlatter, AR, & Dubcovsky, J. 1998. Molecular markers associated with differences in breadmaking quality in a cross between wheat cultivars with the same high Mr glutenins. J. Cereal Sci. 27:217-227.
- Lukaszewski, AJ, Porter, DR, Antonelli, EF, Dubcovsky, J. 1998. Registration of two germplasms of common wheat with interstitial translocations of Triticum speltoides carrying leaf rust and greenbug resistance genes. Crop. Sci. (In press).
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Progress 01/01/97 to 12/01/97
Outputs The overall goal of this research is to develop new varieties of wheat with good agronomic performance and end-use properties. Two hundred new hybrid combinations were made and one hundred new segregating populations were developed. Three thousand new breeding lines are being tested in observation yield trials for the first time. Some of the lines from our program showed the highest yields in the regional trials. The bread wheat line UC1036 was the highest yielding line in the 1997 Regional Common Wheat Tests at the Davis location and it also showed very good yield at other locations. The durum line UC1113 was the highest yielding variety in the 1997 Regional Durum Tests at sites in the Imperial Valley, Davis, and Kings. Another promising line that combined good breadmaking quality with high yield potential was UC1041. However, UC1041 will not be released because of susceptibility to a new race of stripe rust. New crosses were made to improve the quality of UC1113 and
UC1036 and the disease resistance of UC1041. Molecular markers for genes for stripe rust and leaf rust were developed at the Wheat Molecular Genetics Laboratory and are being used to transfer these resistance genes. Molecular markers for other chromosome regions controlling the strength of the gluten in bread wheat, the hardness of the grain, and the protein content of the grain are also being used to increase the quality of the best yielding breeding lines.
Impacts (N/A)
Publications
- J. Dubcovsky. UC Davis Wheat Breeding Program. California Wheat 16: 9-10 J. Dubcovsky, M Echaide, EF Antonelli & AJ Lukaszewski.Molecular characterization of two TRITICUM SPELTOIDES interstitial translocations carrying leaf rust and green.
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